Suchergebnisse

A discussion of the use of cost-benefit analysis in developing public policies regarding risks to life & health. Research by Douglas MacLean (Values at Risk, Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Allanhead, 1986) & Dorothy Nelkin & Michael S. Brown (Workers at Risk, Chicago: U of Chicago Press, 1984) is reviewed & analyzed. MacLean's collection of essays contains several sophisticated defenses & criticisms of cost-benefit analysis. The empirical study by Nelkin & Brown seeks to uncover workers' attitudes & choices regarding workplace hazards. It is suggested that cost-benefit analysis is fundamentally flawed because it assumes that risks to life & health are appropriately distributed & controlled by market mechanisms, although these are insensitive to many necessary ethical distinctions. F. Rasmussen

THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES WHETHER ASIAN VALUES WILL SURVIVE THE HOMEGENIZING EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION. FIRST USED TO EXPLAIN THE EAST ASIAN ECONOMIC MIRACLE, THEN BLAMED FOR THE REGION'S ECONOMIC COLLAPSE, ASIA'S FAMOUS VALUES ARE SUBJECT TO APPRAISAL. EXAMINED ARE THE EARLY DAYS, THE EFFECTS OF SECOND GUESSING, AND THE SURVIVAL QUESTION.

THE DALAI LAMA, THE SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LEADER OF THE TIBETAN PEOPLE, FLED CHINESE-OCCUPIED TIBET INTO EXILE IN INDIA IN 1959. ONE OF THE WORLD'S GREAT EXPONENTS OF NONVIOLENCE, HE WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE IN 1989. THIS ARTICLE IS BASED ON A LECTURE THAT HE DELIVERED ON 10 NOVEMBER 1998. THE LECTURE WAS ONE IN A SERIES ENTITLED "THE DEMOCRATIC INVENTION." IN IT, THE DALAI LAMA STATES THAT RESPECT FOR BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS, FREEDOM OF SPEECH, THE EQUALITY OF ALL HUMAN BEINGS, AND THE RULE OF LAW MUST BE SEEN NOT MERELY AS ASPIRATIONS BUT AS NECESSARY CONDITIONS OF A CIVILIZED SOCIETY.

A MINORITY OF RESEARCHERS ON THE ISSUE OF TERRORISM PROPOSE THAT TERRORISM IS A FORM OF WARFARE. HOWEVER, THE MAJORITY DISAGREE WITH THIS POSITION, INSTEAD VIEWING TERRORISM AS A DISTINCT AND SEPARATE PHENOMENON. THIS DIVERGENCE HAS BEEN FUELED BY THE DISTINCTIVE QUESTIONS OF MORALITY WHICH CLOAK ANY CONSIDERATION OF TERRORISM. THE IMPACT OF THIS SPECIAL MORALITY DIMENSION TO THE PROBLEM IS EXAMINED IN THIS ARTICLE, WITH THE FOCUS BEING DIRECTED TO BIASES ARISING FROM THE MORAL STANDPOINT WHICH HAS BEEN ADOPTED BY MOST. IT IS ALSO ARGUED THAT MANY OF THE SO-CALLED DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN TERRORISM AND WARFARE ARE ILLUSIONARY. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDES THAT WHILE THERE ARE SOLUTIONS TO THE CURRENT CONCEPTUAL DEADLOCK THESE ARE UNLIKELY TO BE REALIZED IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

THIS ARTICLE BEGINS BY PRESENTING THREE MODELS OF A DISCOURSE-BASED POLITICS. THE FIRST TWO MODELS PROPOSE CONSTRAINTS ON DISCOURSE, HOLDING THAT ONLY BY SUITABLY LIMITING THE SCOPE OF ARGUMENT IS IT POSSIBLE TO REACH AGREEMENT. IT CLOSES BY DEFENDING A MODIFIED VERSION OF A MODEL OF CONSTRAINED DISCOURSE ON THE GROUNDS THAT IT IS THE ONLY STRATEGY THAT OFFERS THE HOPE OF ACHEIVING UNCOERCED AGREEMENT.

WHOEVER SUCCEEDS BILL CLINTON WILL ASSUME THE LEADERSHIP OF A NATION THAT DOES INDEED APPEAR TO BE THE SOLE REMAINING SUPERPOWER. IDEALLY, THE NEXT ADMINISTRATION WILL ADDRESS THE CENTRAL ISSUES OF WHAT KIND OF WORLD THE UNITED STATES WANTS AND WHAT IT IS WILLING TO SACRIFICE AND COMMIT IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE ITS GOALS. IF THE NEXT ADMINISTRATION HAS THE COURAGE TO OFFER THE WORLD SOME CONSISTENCY IN ITS FOREIGN POLICY, RATHER THAN TO GO ON WITH BUSINESS AS USUAL, IT MUST ESTABLISH A NEW HIERARCHY OF VALUES AND INTERESTS. THIS NEW HIERARCHY WILL BE ESSENTIAL WHEN, AT SOME POINT, IT BECOMES NECESSARY FOR THE UNITED STATES TO FACE UP TO TOUGHER CHALLENGES THAN IT HAS SEEN IN RECENT YEARS.

BEFORE CONSIDERING WHETHER OR NOT PARTIES ARE SEEKING TO ORGANIZE AND ENCAPSULATE THEIR VOTERS IN EASTERN EUROPE, IT IS NECESSARY TO DETERMINE WHAT KIND OF ELECTORATES THEY ARE ATTRACTING. THIS ARTICLE STUDIES THE TYPE OF PARTY THAT IS DEVELOPING IN EASTERN EUROPE BY EXAMINING THE ELECTORAL STRATEGIES AND POLICIES OF THE SIX MAIN PARTIES AND GROUPINGS TO HAVE EMERGED IN POLAND SINCE THE COLLAPSE OF COMMUNISM AND THE EMERGENCE OF PLURALIST POLITICS IN 1989.

A MAJOR PROBLEM IN TEACHING URBAN POLITICS, URBAN HISTORY OR OTHER URBAN STUDIES COURSES IS THE ANTI-CITY AND PAROCHIAL ATTITUDES MANY STUDENTS CARRY INTO THE CLASSROOM. AS A PEDOGOGICAL GOAL, INSTRUCTORS MAY WISH STUDENTS TO EXAMINE THE SOURCE OF THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARD CITIES AND MAY EVEN WISH TO CULTIVATE A GREATER APPRECIATION OF CITIES. HOWEVER, INSTRUCTORS MUST ALWAYS BE CAUTIOUS ABOUT USING THE CLASSROOM AS A FORUM TO PROSELYTIZE THEIR VALUES. AS PART OF A HAMLINE UNIVERSITY PROGRAM TO STIMULATE THE STUDY OF VALUES IN A CROSS-DISCIPLINARY CONTEXT, THE AUTHORS OF THIS ARTICLE FOUND THAT THEY WERE ABLE TO ACHIEVE THIS GOAL BY PAIRING OR COUPLING THE HISTORY OF LONDON COURSE WITH THE AMERICAN URBAN POLITICS COURSE. THIS PAIRING DID NOT CONSTITUTE A TEAM-TAUGHT COURSE. RATHER, THE TWO COURSES WERE TAUGHT SEPARATELY AND WERE PAIRED TOGETHER THROUGH COLLABORATION ON SYLLABI, READINGS AND TESTS, AND ALSO BY THE SYSTEMATIC USE OF GUEST LECTURES, COMMON FILMS AND JOINT SEMINARS. A NUMBER OF CLASSROOM EXERCISES WERE DEVISED TO PROBE INTO STUDENTS' VALUES ABOUT CITIES AND RAISE QUESTIONS ABOUT SOME OF THE LOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THESE VALUES. FOR EXAMPLE, TO WHAT EXTENT DO BASIC URBAN FEATURES SUCH AS PARKS, BUDGETS AND MASS TRANSIT REFLECT OUR VALUE SYSTEM? WHAT GOVERNMENTAL LIMITATIONS, IF ANY, SHOULD BE PLACED UPON THE USE OF PRIVATE PROPERTY? BY HAVING SUCH QUESTION ADDRESSED BY TWO INSTRUCTORS FROM DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES AND PHILOSOPHIC BACKGROUNDS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO GENERPY: 1981

A restatement of Max Weber's methodological position is undertaken as a response to a critique by Talcott Parsons of the rejection of system, function, & evolution as basic concepts of sociological theory & of studies of political development. Weber's position, which is intermediate between materialism & idealism, & the purpose of his typological approach & comparative studies are discussed. Weber's ideas on ideal types are examined in an analysis of contrast-conceptions. 7 References. Modified HA